Translation
Liu Changqin (709-785) | 劉長卿 |
Autumn—The Sun Rises Over General Wu Terrace: I Gaze into the Distance | 秋日登吳公臺上寺遠眺 |
The ancient tower swings, fallen to decay, | 古臺 搖落後 |
Joining the autumn as my heart gazes toward my hometown. | 秋入 望鄉心 |
Few people come to this wilderness temple, | 野寺 來人少 |
Clouds about the mountain peak, far off, parted by the water deep. | 雲峰 隔水深 |
The sun at dusk sets into this ancient rampart | 夕陽 依舊壘 |
While a cold chime stone fills the empty forest. | 寒磬 滿空林 |
Distressed, discontented with the affairs of the Southern Dynasties, | 惆悵 南朝事 |
This long, timeless river arrives today alone. | 長江 獨至今 |
Commentary
According to Liu Changqing’s poems, he failed the imperial examination several times before he finally became a Jinshi (presented scholar). Liu was an upright man and would not flatter those in power. So he was demoted twice in his official career; he wrote this after his first demotion.
The General Wu Terrace was a military rampart used to shoot crossbow arrows. In the poem, the tower is in ruins, having fallen to decay and swinging in the desolate, autumn wind, symbolizing the poet’s feeling about the corruption of the state and being demoted. As the sun sets, the sound of temple chimes fill the forest. Finally, he contrasts the chaos of the Southern Dynasties, when China broke into many kingdoms, to the eternal Yangzi River.
Original Chinese
Traditional | Simplified | Pronunciation |
劉長卿 | 刘长卿 | Liú cháng qīng |
秋日登吳公臺上寺遠眺 | 秋日登吴公台上寺远眺 | Qiū rì dēng wú gōng tái shàng sì yuǎn tiào |
古臺搖落後, | 古台摇落后, | Gǔ tái yáo luò hòu, |
秋入望鄉心。 | 秋入望乡心。 | Qiū rù wàng xiāng xīn。 |
野寺來人少, | 野寺来人少, | Yě sì lái rén shǎo, |
雲峰隔水深。 | 云峰隔水深。 | Yún fēng gé shuǐ shēn。 |
夕陽依舊壘, | 夕阳依旧垒, | Xī yáng yī jiù lěi, |
寒磬滿空林。 | 寒磬满空林。 | Hán qìng mǎn kōng lín。 |
惆悵南朝事, | 惆怅南朝事, | Chóu chàng nán cháo shì, |
長江獨至今。 | 长江独至今。 | Cháng jiāng dú zhì jīn。 |
Literal Notes
劉長卿 | Kill Forever High-person [= Liu Changqin (709-785)] |
秋日登吳公臺上寺遠眺 | Autumn sun rise Wu public tower above temple distance gaze-at [Note: under the title of this poem, the author annotated: “this temple was the battlefield of general Wu Mingche”], [Wu public tower = General Wu Terrace. It is now located in Jiangdu county, Jiangsu province. It was originally built by Shen Qing as a crossbow terrace (a terrace on which people stand and fire crossbow arrows) in the Liu Song Dynasty. Afterwards, when general Wu Mingche besieged Jiangdu county, he strengthened the terrace and used it to launch crossbow arrows into Jiangdu county. So the terrace was named General Wu Terrace. ], [Wu public tower above temple = the temple on General Wu Terrace] |
古臺搖落後, | Ancient/old tower swing fall after/descendents [swing fall = allusion to autumn. Song Yu is a writer who lived in the Warring States Period. In the rhymed prose of Jiu Bian, Song Yu wrote the verse, “So desolate is the autumn, grass and bushes swing, fall, and decay” (swing means swing in the autumn wind, “fall” means withered leaves fall). Here, the author may want to use the allusion to create a desolate atmosphere.] |
秋入望鄉心。 | Autumn enter/join look-at village/hometown heart/mind |
野寺來人少, | Wilderness temple come people few |
雲峰隔水深。 | Clouds mountain-peaks partition/separate water/river deep [Clouds mountain-peaks = the high mountain peaks which are surrounded by clouds] |
夕陽依舊壘, | Evening/dusk light/sun set-in ancient rampart/military-wall [ancient rampart = General Wu Terrace] |
寒磬滿空林。 | Cold chime-stone fills empty/deserted forest [chime stone = a percussion musical instrument made of stone. In Buddhist temple, it is often used when monks recite or chant scriptures. Cold chime-stone means the desolate sounds of chime stone.] |
惆悵南朝事, | Distressed/sad disappointed/dissatisfied Southern Dynasties affairs [Southern Dynasties lasted from 420 to |
長江獨至今。 | Long/always river alone/solitary reach/arrive now/today [As General Wu lived in the Southern Dynasties, mounting General Wu Terrace made the author think of the history of the Southern Dynasties and sigh with emotion about vicissitudes of life. Time is irresistible: whatever a man has accomplished, he cannot escape the final death. Even the prosperity of Southern Dynasties had gone with the wind, so one person’s ups and downs may be still more insignificant. All people will become history, only the Yangtze River still exists] |
Year:
2012
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